形容词转换成名词
英语中有些形容词加上定冠词the表示某一类人或物，汉译时常译成名词。另外，英语中有些表示事物特征的形容词作表语时，往往也可在其后加上“性”、“度”、“体”等词，译成名词。例如：
(1)Both the compounds are acids，the former is strong and the latter weak． 这两种化合物都是酸，前者是强酸，后者是弱酸。
(2)The atmosphere is only about eleven kilometers thick． 大气的厚度约为11 000米。
(3)People are so much more flexible and inventive than robots．人类比机器人更灵活而且更富有创造性。
(4)In fission processes the fission fragments are very radioactive．在裂变过程中，裂变碎片的放射性很强。
(5)The more carbon the steel contains，the harder and stronger it is． 钢含碳量越高，强度和硬度就越大。
(6)The electrolytic process for producing hydrogen is not so efficient as the thermo chemical process． 用电解法生产的效率不像热化学法那样高。
(7) Ice is not as dense as water and it therefore floats．冰的密度比水小，因而能浮在水面上。
(8)The different production cost is closely associated with the sources 0f power． 生产成本的差异与能源密切相关。
(9)Glass is more soluble than quartz． 玻璃的可溶性比石英大。
(10)At constant temperature，the pressure of a gas is inversely proportional to its volume． 温度不变，则气体压力和体积成反比。
2.2.3代词转换成名词
英语中的代词译成汉语，有时为了使译文规范，须转换为名词。例如：
(1)Radio waves are similar to light waves except that their wave．1ength is much greater． 无线电波与光波相似，只不过无线电波的波长要长一些。
(2)We need frequencies even higher than those we call very high frequency． 我们所需要的频率，甚至比我们称作高频率的频率还要高。
(3)Air density decreases as the temperature goes up and it increases when it gets colder． 气温升高时，空气密度就减小；气温变冷时，空气密度就增大。
(4)According to a growing body of evidence．the chemicals that make up many plastics may migrate out of the material and into foods and fluids，ending up in your body． 越来越多的证据表明，许多塑料制品的化学成分会移动到食物或流体上去，最终进入人体内。
(5)Though we cannot see it，there is air all around us． 虽然我们看不见空气，可我们周围到处都有空气。
(6)One would fall all the way down to the center of the earth without gravity． 如果没有引力，人们就会一直掉到地球的中心。
(7)For nearly two thousand years it was mistakenly believed that all heavy objects fell faster than light ones． 在长达两千年的时间里，人们都认为一切重物都比轻物落得快。这种观念是错误的。
(8)The volume of the sun is much larger than that of the earth．太阳的体积比地球的体积大得多。
(9)The most common acceleration is that of free falling bodies．最普通的加速度是自由落体加速度。
(10)Energy can neither be created，nor destroyed，although its form can be changed． 尽管能量的形式可以转换，但能量既不能被创造，又不能被消灭。
2.2.4副词转换成名词
英语中有些副词，在句子中用作状语，译成汉语时可根据具体情况转换成汉语的名词。例如：
(1)Such magnetism，because it is electrically produced，is called electromagnetism． 由于这种磁性产生于电，所以称为电磁。
(2)Oxygen is one of the important elements in the physical world，it is very actively chemically． 氧是物质世界的重要元素之一，其化学性能很活泼。
(3)The quality of the operating system determines how useful the computer is． 操作系统的质量决定着计算机的应用效能。
(4)The equations below are derived from those above． 下面的这些方程式是由上面的那些方程式推导出来的。
(5)India has the software skills and thousands of software developers who are English-speaking and technically proficient． 印度拥有软件设计方面的技术，而且拥有成千上万能说英语、精通技术的软件工程师。
(6)A look ahead gives petroleum an exciting role in the world of tomorrow． 展望未来可以看到石油将在世界上起到令人鼓舞的作用。
(7)The computer is shown schematically on this page．这一页是计算机的简图。
(8)The image must be dimensionally correct． 图形的尺寸必须正确。
(9)The only naturally occurring substance used aS fuel for nuclear power is U-235．在自然界所存在的物质中，只有铀一245可以用作获得核能的材料。
(10)It was not until early 40’s that chemists began to use the technique analytically． 直到40年代初，化学家们才开始将这种技术用于分析工作。
2.3转换成汉语形容词
2.3.1副词转换成形容词
(1)Nitric acid is an extremely reactive agent． 硝酸是一种强烈的反应剂。
(2)The wide application of electronic computers affects tremendously the development of science and technology． 广泛应用电子计算机，对科学技术的发展有极大的影响。
(3)Amphibians and birds do differ significantly．两栖类和鸟类之间有显著的差别。
(4)This new electronic computer is chiefly characterized by its simplicity of structure． 这种新型的电子计算机的主要特点是结构简单。
(5)While tallness is evidently a hereditary characteristic，any individual’s actual height depends on the interaction between their genes and the environment． 虽然身高是一种明显的遗传特征，但是个体的实际身高则取决于基因和环境的相互作用。
(6)Robotics is so closely associated with cybernetics that it is sometimes mistakenly considered to be synonymous． 机器人技术与控制论的联系如此密切，以致两者有时被错误地认为是同一回事。
(7)The engineer had prepared meticulously for his design． 工程师为这次设计作了十分周密的准备。
(8)Gases conduct best at low pressures．气体在低压下导电性最佳。
(9)The computer exhibition impressed us deeply．计算机展览会给我们留下了深刻的印象。
(10)The universal lathe is most widely used and plays an important part in industry． 万能车床得到了最广泛的使用，所以在工业上起着重要的作用。