calculus结石， 石
biliary calculus胆结石
vesical calculus膀胱结石
constipation便秘
defecation排便
diarrhea腹泻
incontinence of feces大便失禁
hematochezia便血
fecal impaction大便嵌塞
occult blood潜血
painful straining with defecation排便痛性牵动
clay colored stools陶土色便
dark, granular/coffee ground emesis咖啡样呕吐物
fecal vomiting, stercoraceous vomiting呕粪，吐粪
foul fatty stools, steatorrhea恶臭脂肪便，脂肪痢
scanty and hard stools便少而硬
tarry (black) stools柏油样便
anuria无尿
burning sensation no urination排尿时的灼烧感
dysurea排尿困难，尿痛
enuresis, bed wetting遗尿
frequency of urination尿频
micturation排尿
uresis, urination, voiding排尿
nocturia夜尿
oliguria少尿
polyuria多尿
tenesmus里急后重
vesical tenesmus排尿时里急后重
uremia coma尿毒症昏迷
urgency of urination尿急
urinary incontinence尿失禁
aciduria酸尿
chyluria乳糜尿
cylindruia管型尿
glycosuria糖尿
hematuria血尿
ketonuria酮尿
pneumatinuria气尿
proteinuria蛋白尿
pyuria脓尿
amenorrhea经闭，无月经
dysmenorrhea痛经
menorrhagia月经过多
lochia恶露
menorrhea行经，月经过多
menstruation月经
uterine contraction子宫收缩
blotch斑点
bruise挫伤，青肿
acne痤疮，粉刺
desquamation脱皮，脱屑
ecchymosis瘀斑
loss of skin turgor失去皮肤充盈
nevus痣
papule丘疹
petechia瘀点，瘀斑
pigmentation色素沉着
pustule脓疱
purpura紫癫
red nodule红结节
roseola玫瑰疹
scar伤疤
senile plaque老人斑
spider anaioma蛛形痣
subcutaneous nodule皮下结节
urticaria荨麻疹
vesicle小水疱
vitiligo白斑
blindness失明
blurred vision, visual disturbance视力模糊
impaired vision视力下降
lacrimation流泪
papilledema视神经乳头水肿
photophobia畏光，羞明
retinal detachment视网膜脱离
deafness聋
hearing loss听力丧失
tinnitus耳鸣
epistaxis, nasal bleeding鼻出血
impaired smelling嗅觉障碍
nasal discharge鼻涕
nasal obstruction鼻塞
sneeze喷嚏
snore打鼾
aphonia, loss of voice失音症
hoarseness嘶哑
gum bleeding齿龈出血
herpes labialis唇疱疹，感冒疮
Koplik’s spots科普利克斑
lead line of the gum龈铅线
salivation, drooling流口水
straw-berry tongue草莓舌
tremulous tongue舌震颤