翻译是一项文化交际的工作，古人早就对翻译有这样的理解。唐代人贾公彦的“翻译”定义值得赞许，即“译即易，谓换易言语使相解也”，形式乃至意义变化均旨在使对方了解和理解原文言者的意思。

Translation is a cultural communication work, the ancients would have to translate such understanding. Gugong Yan Tang Dynasty "Translation" is defined laudable, namely, "that is easy to interpret, that is easy to change the phase of speech solutions also" change form and even meaning are intended to make each other know and understand the meaning of the original speaker.

同时翻译作为一种职业已被职业化，无论是译作翻译还是会议口译都离不开翻译，人类已进入翻译职业化时代！那么翻译职业化时代指的是什么呢？

At the same translation as a profession has been professional, either translation or translation conference interpreters are inseparable from translation, mankind has entered the era of the translation profession! So the era of professional translation refers to what is it?

以翻译目的而论，译者若不知自己和委托人的翻译目的就贸然动笔动口显然是“语用翻译失误”。形式上，翻译有口译和笔译，笔译又可细分为“全译、节译、摘译、编译、译述”等等；口译则分为“交替传译”和“同声传译”，且还可根据工作空间、活动场合和主题、译语流向、源语到译语的直接性等再加以分类。此外，除了正常的“听译”，偶尔还有“视译”，以及为聋哑人服务的“手语口译”。不同的笔译和口译对意义的要求不尽相同。关于“译出、译入”问题，中国古代的翻译是佛经译入，五四运动前后是西方的哲学、文学、科技作品的译入，现今仍以西文译入为主，以尝试性的、小规模译出为辅。假如译入时要求再现西文的思想和意思的精确性，那么译出时，外国人是否苛求汉语原文思想的无删节的确切再现？无论译入还是译出，以及由谁译，由谁出版，都涉及语用翻译问题，并直接影响译者对相关翻译事件、翻译任务、翻译性质、翻译内容、翻译方法等的抉择。一般说来，中国人对译入文本的内容要求较高，却忽视其应有的文体、文学、修辞价值。中国作品的译出则不同，外国人更关注中国式的文化和再现该文化的文笔特色。此外，翻译的信息除了信息内容（语句的命题内容等），还有大量的非文本信息，如文化信息、思想信息、艺术信息等，都不可丧失。人类翻译史经历了三个阶段：宗教典籍翻译阶段、文学翻译阶段、实用文献翻译阶段（即翻译的职业化时代）。前两个阶段的翻译是少数翻译家和翻译匠在进行；现在则不同，大量的接受了或未接受任何翻译培训或教育的人员在进行各种翻译活动，还包括不同行业和媒体上的实用文献、虚拟文本的处理以及机辅翻译（翻译软件、语料库）等。

In translation purpose is concerned, I do not know if the translator and the client’s own translation purposes rush to write tongue apparently "pragmatic translation errors." Formally, translation interpreters and translators, translation can be subdivided into "full translation, translation section, Excerpt, compilation, translation said" and so on; interpretation is divided into "Consecutive Interpreting" and "simultaneous", and also According to the workspace, activity occasions and themes, the flow of the target language, the source language to the target language, etc. directly coupled to classification. In addition to the normal "listen translated as" occasional "sight translation", as well as services for the deaf "sign language interpreters." Translation and interpretation of the different requirements of different meaning. About "translated, translated into" problem, the ancient Chinese translation of Buddhist scriptures translated into before and after the May 4th Movement of Western philosophy, literature, science and technology works translated into, now translated into Western languages are still based, tentative, Small-scale translated supplement. If the translation requirements reproducing fashionable Western thought and meaning of precision, so when translated, whether foreigners demanding original thought Chinese unabridged exact reproduction? Whether or translated into translation, and who translated, who published involves pragmatic translation problems, and directly related to the translation impact of the event, choose translation task, translators nature, content translation, translation methods translators. In general, the Chinese people on Translated text content are higher, but ignoring its proper style, literature, rhetoric value. Translated Chinese works is different, foreigners are more concerned about China’s culture and reproducing writing style characteristic of the culture. In addition, the translation of information in addition to the information content (propositional content of statements, etc.), there are a lot of non-textual information, such as cultural information, ideas, information, arts information, etc., can not be lost. The history of human translation has gone through three stages: the translation stage religious texts, literary translation stage, practical literature translation stage (ie translation of professional era). The first two stages of translation are few translators and translation Carpenter progress; now is different, a lot of accepted or not to accept any translation training or education personnel carrying out various translation activities, including practical on different industries and media literature, text processing, and virtual machine assisted translation (translation software, corpus) and the like.

翻译不仅是职业化，随着时代的发展技术的推进，翻译会更加现代化，满足更多人对于语言、文化、交际的需

Translation is not only a professional, with the advance of the era of the development of technology, the translation will be more modern, meet more people for the language, culture and communication needs.