作为中国政治体制改革重要组成部分的政府机构改革已式拉开了帷幕。政府机构改革是深化经济体制改革,促进经济和社会发展的迫切需要,是国家领导制度改革的重要内容,也是密切政府同人民群众联系的客观要求。
China’s government restruction campaign, an important part of political reform in china, hasbeen foomally staged. Restruction in government institutions is urgently needed to deepeneconomic restructuring and promote economic and social development in china. It constitutesan important aspect of the reform of the state’s leadership system, and a necessity to bringthe government closer to the people.
现有政府机构设置的基本框架是在计划经济体制的条件下逐步形成的。虽然自改革开放以来,进行过多次调整和改革,取得一些进展,但由于历史条件限制和宏观环境制约,很多问题未能得到根本性的解决。机构设置同社会主义市场经济发展的矛盾日益突出。这些问题突出表现在以下几个方面。
The basic framework of current government institutions were formed gradually during thetime when the country’s economy was perdominantly a planned one. Although china hasadjusted and reformed government institutions on many occasions and made some progressin government restructuring since its implementation of reform and openning policies, manyproblems have not been foundamentally solved due to the restrictions imposed by historicalconditions and general environment. Consequently, the incompatibilities of governmentinstitutions to the development of socialist market economy have become increasing apparent.The following problems are most conspicous in this regard.
第一,政府机构重叠庞大,人浮于事的现象严重,这不仅滋生官僚主义和文牍主义,助长贪污腐败和不正之风,也给国家财政造成了沉重的负担。
First, a bloated size and whelmed-organization of government institutions with overlappingfunctions and serious overstaffing have given rise to bereaucracy and red-tape, bribe andcurruption, promoted unhealthy practices and created a heavy financial burden on the state.
第二,政企不分。政府直接干预企业的生产经营活动,不能形成科学决策的投资体制,容易造成责任不清和决策失误,难以发挥市场在资源配置中的基础作用。
Second, the functions of the government fail to be seperated from those of the enterprizes.The government often has a direct hand in the operation of the enterprises which makes itdifficult to the establishment of an invesment system based on scientific decision-making buteasy to lead to nonaccountability and wrong decision-making. Consequently, the market canhardly play a foundamental role in the allocation of resources.
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